A few months ago I was asked if I would facilitate
some sessions on the history of the Labour Party as part of the political
education activity in a Constituency Labour Party. Unfortunately with the
turmoil in the Party in the period heading up to the General Election these
sessions were put on hold, and may be activated later.
The thinking behind the sessions was that with so
many new members of the Party, there is not much knowledge or understanding
about the history of the Party. Indeed longer term members also do not know
much about it.
This is nothing new. When I joined Battersea
Labour Party in the early 1970s there was little knowledge of even its own
history, and we used the 50th Anniversary of the General Strike in
1976 to kick-start work on the history of the Party and the labour movement,
which I have continued to work on since. That early work also linked in with
initiatives within the wider Labour Party in London, and through Labour
Heritage, the affiliated history group which concentrates on Party history
within the wider movement, and of which I was Secretary for a couple of years
in the early 2000s.
The Party was luke warm about commemorating the
2006 Anniversary of its adopting the name Labour Party having been the Labour
Representation Committee formed in 1900. in 2006. This was because It was now
controlled by New Labour, which had no understanding of Party history or if it
did not want members to know too much about it. New Labour was in the midst of
changing the nature of the Party trying to turn it into a different kind of
organisation than it had been in the past. It introduced a form of ‘democratic
centralism’ with the emphasis on dictat and control from the top, in which the
collective voice of the membership was kicked into the side lines.
I have just rediscovered the text of a talk I gave
at the West London West London Labour History Day School in October 2002 in which
I reflected on New Labour and history.
I suggested that there was a fundamental
contradiction at the heart of New Labour.
·
On the one hand it wanted citizens to
be actively involved in the decisions that affect them in the neighbourhoods,
local authorities and regions in which they live. This was central to the Government’s
Urban White Paper, Neighbourhood Renewal, regeneration and social inclusion
strategies.
·
On the other hand it had disempowered
its own members, and belittled the historic achievements of labour movement and
Party activists – Old Labour as it calls them.
The legacy of the labour movement in its widest
sense from the 18th Century was the creation of collective
organisations through which the social injustices of capitalism could be
challenged and through which support services could be provided when workers
and their families needed it: the benefits and medical services provided by the
friendly societies and trade unions, unadulterated food and other goods at fair
prices through the retail co-operatives, home ownership along with which
increasingly went the vote through building societies, social and leisure activities
through the working men’s and miners’ welfare clubs, education activities
through the co-operative societies, trade unions and then through the Workers’
Educational association which would celebrate its 100th Anniversary in
January 2003.
At the political level a range of organisations
fought for the extension of the vote to include men and later women. The
organised labour movement broke through into Parliament in 1892 and then in
local government, and campaigned and when in power developed public services.
And while there were disagreements over strategy and tactics, there was a
vision to achieve social justice and equal opportunities as a minimum and the
overthrow or transformation of capitalism into socialism as a maximum.
Without this legacy there would have been no
Labour Government in 1945 with its breakthrough in the development of public
services, especially the Health Service. While public services were never
perfect, they began to be damaged when Labour took a wrong turn in 1976 with
the deal with the International Monetary Fund, culminating in the Winter of
Discontent, and laying the foundations for the Thatcherite attack on the
organised labour movement and its legacy and its attempt to destroy support for
socialism in the UK. At the heart of
that attack was the roll-back of the New Unionist agenda of the late 1880s and
early 1890s based on fair wages, direct labour and municipally controlled
services.
When New Labour gained power in 1997 it inherited
a legacy of tremendous damage not just to services and employment, but to
thousands of communities, and more importantly to millions of people who had
been thrown by Thatcherism onto the scrap heap with public services crumbling
around them.
The New Labour Government recognised that it would
take 15-20 years to reverse the damage. It wants to mobilise people, but it
continues to marginalise the very organisations that gave it birth, the trade
unions, in some cases to vilify them, and to hamstring its own members. It
blundered to confrontation with the Fire Brigades Union because of its failure
to address fundamental issues of pay and conditions of public sector workers
that are not as simple as take-home pay and overtime, but housing and transport
costs. The problem of the cost of public service workers has been an Achilles
Heel in the relationship between the public sector trade unions and labour
movement controlled local authorities since the 1890s.
The labour movement from the 19th
Century and Labour Party political support in the 20th Century were
built from below. It is precisely why remembering and celebrating that past
history, warts and all, is important.
I went on to argue that If we wanted the
fundamental changes needed we need to re-build the faith of
ordinary people that their collective voice and action can have an effect. The
history of the Labour movement and Party shows that this was done in the
past.
As older forms of working-class and labour
movement associations like friendly societies have withered, there has been a
mushrooming of new forms of collective organisation especially the diverse
range of community organisations and social enterprises. Instead of seeing them
as a threat Labour Councillors should see them as allies, moulded in the same
tradition out of which the labour movement and the Party itself grew:
collective action to address poverty and what we now call social exclusion, to
obtain social and economic justice and create a fairer society.
New Labour promoted mutualism, including new
forms. Stephen Yeo, an active campaigner and former head of Ruskin College, was
writing at the time about Labour’s roots in the working class associational
culture of the 18th and 19th Centuries. He talked about
New Labour, Old Labour and Old, Old Labour. I referred to my discussion paper
‘Mutuality and Radical Politics’ in which I reviewed mutuality and its
relationship to politics at the time.
Notes
Labour
Heritage
It continues to be active with annual West London
and Essex Day Schools, the Annual General Meeting talks and its Bulletin. The
Bulletin is an excellent and easy to read source on a wide range of aspects of
Labour Party history inc. biographical sketches of activists. It contains the
following pieces by me:
· The
summary of my 2002 talk above:
· Battersea Women’s Socialist
Circle 1908-10
· Workers
Educational Association in West London (summary)
· Preparing to Celebrate the 100th
Anniversary of the Renaming of the Labour Party (1906)
· Labour
in Holborn in the 1930s and 1940s
Mutuality
& Radical Politics
In May 2002 I took part in a Day School run by
Independent Labour Publications speaking about Mutuality and Radical Politics.
It can be read at
Co-operative,
Mutual and Social Action in Battersea and Lambeth
My pamphlets:
From
Exclusion to Political Control. Radical and Working Class Organisation in
Battersea 1830s-1918
Organising
Together in Lambeth. A Historical Review of Co-operative and Mutual Social
Action
are available from me at sean.creighton1947@btinternt.com
Workers' Educational Association
Sections of my essay Battersea and the Formation of the Workers' Eductaional Association in A Ministry of Enthusiasm: Centenary Essays on the Workers' Educational Association. ed. Stephen K. Roberts (Pluto Press 2003) .
can be seen on Google Books.
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